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How to Select Materials for Absorption Towers? A Guide Based on Corrosive Exhaust Gases and Operating Temperatures

Industrial Exhaust Gas Treatment Equipment

1793175008000

How to Select Materials for Absorption Towers? A Guide Based on Corrosive Exhaust Gases and Operating Temperatures

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The material for an absorption tower should be selected based on a comprehensive assessment of the exhaust gas and absorption liquid composition, their corrosivity, operating temperatures, and the equipment's structural design. Common options include rubber-lined carbon steel, polypropylene (PP), fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP), and 304/316L stainless steel. Rubber-lined carbon steel may be used in specific, pre-evaluated weak acid or alkaline environments. PP and FRP are suitable for various corrosive conditions, though their respective temperature limits must be taken into account. For stainless steel, the specific grade must be verified against the corrosion resistance requirements for the given medium. Typical temperature limits are ≤80°C for PP, ≤120°C for FRP, and up to 300°C for stainless steel; however, the actual operating range must be confirmed based on specific material specifications and design parameters. Clearly defining the gas and liquid media, temperatures, and operating conditions is essential for determining the appropriate materials for the tower shell and its internal components.

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What are the air handling capacities and models available for the absorption tower?

The provided data indicates an operating airflow range of 500–30,000 m³/h. Available models include the ABT-3000, ABT-8000, and ABT-15000, with corresponding airflow capacities of 3,000, 8,000, and 15,000 m³/h, respectively. Tower diameter, height, and material of construction can be customized based on specific operating conditions; final model selection should also take into account factors such as pollutant concentration, superficial gas velocity, and the absorption medium.

What materials are available for absorption towers, and what are their temperature ranges?

Materials such as rubber-lined carbon steel, PP, FRP (fiber-reinforced plastic), and 304/316L stainless steel can be evaluated based on specific operating conditions. Reference temperature ranges are as follows: PP ≤ 80°C, FRP ≤ 120°C, and stainless steel up to 300°C. The actual applicable temperature and corrosion resistance must be determined by considering the specific process medium, material specifications, and equipment design.

What are the structural configurations of absorption towers, and how should one be selected?

Common structural configurations include packed towers and tray towers. The selection process should take into account factors such as the exhaust gas flow rate, pollutant concentration, properties of the absorbent, target treatment requirements, and operating conditions; the gas-to-liquid ratio should also be determined based on the absorption medium and the specific project conditions.

What is the difference between an absorption tower and a spray tower?

Both methods utilize gas-liquid contact to treat waste gas. According to the provided information, the absorption tower can be either a packed tower or a tray tower, both of which are suitable for high-concentration waste gas and absorption processes in the fine chemical industry. The specific configuration and process design should be determined based on the composition of the waste gas, the treatment load, and the required absorption specifications.

How do absorption towers purify waste gas?

Exhaust gas enters the lower part of the tower and flows upward, while the absorbent is sprayed downward from the top, creating a countercurrent contact between the gas and liquid phases. Pollutants are transferred into the liquid phase and removed through dissolution or chemical reaction. The purified gas passes through a demister at the top of the tower before being discharged, while the absorbent liquid is either recirculated—with fresh reagents added as needed—or drained, depending on operational requirements.

What types of waste gases are absorption towers primarily used to treat?

Absorption towers can be used to treat acidic, alkaline, and other gaseous pollutants that are absorbable by liquids; examples include HCl, HF, NH₃, NOx, and certain soluble VOCs. Their actual applicability depends on the dissolution or reaction characteristics of the pollutants, as well as the choice of absorbent and the specific process conditions.

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